Transformations (GCSE)
Translation (vector), reflection (mirror line), rotation (centre, angle, direction), enlargement (centre, scale factor incl. negative).
Each transformation needs full description in the exam: translation by vector; reflection in line y=x or x=2; rotation 90° clockwise about (0,0); enlargement scale factor −2 from origin (image flipped).
Worked examples
Translation by (3; −2): every point shifts 3 right, 2 down.
Rotation 90° anticlockwise about origin: (a, b) → (−b, a).
Enlargement scale factor −2 from origin: (1, 1) → (−2, −2).
Frequently asked questions
Always describe in full?
Yes for the marks. Translation needs vector; reflection needs line; rotation needs centre + angle + direction; enlargement needs centre + scale factor.
Negative scale factor?
Image is on the opposite side of the centre, flipped. Higher-tier topic.